Matrix Inverse Calculator | Invert Matrix Online

Calculate the inverse of a square matrix online.

How to Use

  • Enter the elements of a square matrix in the text area.
  • Ensure the number of rows matches the number of columns.
  • Use spaces or commas to separate numbers in a row, and use new lines for each row.
  • Click 'Calculate Inverse' to view the inverse matrix.

About Inverse Matrices

In linear algebra, an n-by-n square matrix A is called invertible (also nonsingular or nondegenerate), if there exists an n-by-n square matrix B such that AB = BA = I, where I is the n-by-n identity matrix.

Condition for Invertibility

A square matrix is invertible if and only if its determinant is non-zero. If the determinant is zero, the matrix is called singular or degenerate, meaning it squishes space into a lower dimension, and this process cannot be reversed to uniquely retrieve the original space.

The Identity Matrix

The identity matrix, I, is a square matrix with 1s on the main diagonal and 0s elsewhere. It acts as the multiplicative identity in matrix algebra, analogous to the number 1 in regular multiplication.

Properties of Inverses

  • If A is invertible, its inverse is unique.
  • (A⁻¹)⁻¹ = A
  • (AB)⁻¹ = B⁻¹A⁻¹ (Notice the reversed order)
  • (Aᵀ)⁻¹ = (A⁻¹)ᵀ

Applications

  • Cryptography: Encrypting and decrypting messages (e.g., Hill cipher).
  • Computer Graphics: Reversing transformations like scaling, rotation, and translation.
  • Solving linear systems equations of the form Ax = b (x = A⁻¹b).
  • Control theory and signal processing.