Roman Numerals Converter
Convert between Arabic numbers and Roman numerals.
How to Use
- To find a Roman Numeral: Enter a regular number (1-3999) and click 'Convert to Roman Numeral'.
- To find a regular number: Enter a Roman Numeral (e.g., XIV) and click 'Convert to Number'.
About Roman Numerals
The numeric system represented by Roman numerals originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages.
Basic Symbols
Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet: I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000).
Subtractive Notation
To avoid four characters being repeated in succession, subtractive notation is used. E.g., IV is 4 (5-1), rather than IIII. IX is 9 (10-1).
Key Rules
- No symbol is repeated more than three times consecutively.
- V, L, and D are never repeated.
- Only I, X, and C can be used for subtraction.
Modern Applications
- Clocks and watch faces.
- Book chapter numbers and appendices.
- Movie sequels and Super Bowl editions.
- Monarchs and Popes (e.g., Queen Elizabeth II).